True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
|
|
|
1.
|
When naming script files, it is a good idea to add an .sh extension to the
filename.
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2.
|
The Bourne shell comes with built-in support for arithmetic operations.
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3.
|
Shell functions are normally defined at the end of a script.
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4.
|
The cut command default delimiter to separate fields from each other is a
tab.
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5.
|
You can use the test command to test whether a file exists.
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6.
|
Most applications (and the Linux kernel) are written in the C or C++ programming
language.
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7.
|
In most cases programs use more than one source code file.
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8.
|
Makefiles are generated by the configure script and cannot be created
manually.
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9.
|
Many tasks on a system are performed by more than one application.
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10.
|
The C programing language does not require that every function used in a program
has to be declared.
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11.
|
Changes to the kernel parameters need to be tested very carefully.
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12.
|
A process that is started on a system always requires CPU time.
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13.
|
Accessing the hard disk is much slower than accessing physical memory.
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14.
|
Usually, it’s not necessary to run an X-Server on a server system.
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15.
|
DMA cannot be enabled for CD/DVD drives.
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16.
|
A device can have more than one interface.
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17.
|
In a virtual file system, there is a physical device that holds the
information.
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18.
|
Before you can use a hardware device, you need to load the appropriate driver
module and set up the corresponding interface.
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19.
|
The filename for a PCI network adapter consists of six elements separated by
hyphens.
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20.
|
The hwup command is usually called by hotplug agents and it cannot be used
manually.
|
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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21.
|
The ____ shell is the default shell in SLES 9.
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22.
|
You can run the script from another shell with a command such as the following:
____.
a. | chmod +x script.sh | c. | sh script.sh | b. | chmod script.sh | d. | rsync script.sh |
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23.
|
A comment is introduced with a(n) ____ character in shell scripts.
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24.
|
One way to create scripts that read user input is to use the command
____.
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25.
|
In Bash, you can use the ____ command to perform an arithmetic
expression.
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26.
|
With the expr command, only the following five operators are available: +
, - , * , / , and ____.
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27.
|
In Bash, you can use special ____ operators to assign different values to
variables without having to rely on external commands.
a. | command substitution | c. | loop | b. | test | d. | variable
substitution |
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28.
|
You can use the ____ command to perform certain actions in your script that
depend on a condition.
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29.
|
The command ____ represents a more compact way of writing the command sequence
else if.
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30.
|
You can create multiple branches with ____.
a. | until | c. | case | b. | while | d. | for |
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31.
|
The purpose of a(n) ____ loop is to process a list of elements.
a. | for | c. | case | b. | continue | d. | if |
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32.
|
The ____ command causes the loop (not the current loop iteration) to be
terminated completely if the condition is met.
a. | continue | c. | skip | b. | break | d. | case |
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33.
|
____ act like script modules because they make an entire script section
available with a single name.
a. | Shell functions | c. | Shell cases | b. | Shell loops | d. | Shell
conditions |
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34.
|
To exit a function, use the command ____.
a. | bye | c. | leave | b. | quit | d. | return |
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35.
|
The shell interprets command-line arguments as command options only if they are
prefixed with a(n) ____.
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36.
|
When combined with the here operator (<<), the ____ command is a
good choice to output several lines of text from a script.
|
|
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37.
|
You can use the ____ command to cut out sections of lines from a file, so only
the specified section is printed on standard output.
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|
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38.
|
You can use the ____ command whenever there is a need to obtain a date or time
string for further processing by a script.
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|
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39.
|
The ____ command prints text lines on standard output.
|
|
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40.
|
The command ____ and its variant egrep are used to search files for certain
patterns.
|
|
|
41.
|
The ____ program is a stream editor, an editor used from the command line rather
than interactively.
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42.
|
____ lets you create object-oriented code.
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43.
|
Script files can be directly executed with the help of a(n) ____ program.
a. | compiler | c. | script editor | b. | text editor | d. | interpreter |
|
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|
44.
|
Examples of ____ languages are Perl, PHP, and Python.
a. | script | c. | RPM | b. | compiler | d. | kernel |
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|
45.
|
Examples of ____ languages include C, C++, and Fortran.
a. | script | c. | compiler | b. | RPM | d. | kernel |
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46.
|
Header filenames typically end in ____.
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|
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47.
|
In a C program, ____ is the function that is initially called when the program
is started.
a. | begin | c. | init | b. | main | d. | first |
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48.
|
In a C program, every thing that belongs to a function is included in
____.
|
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49.
|
In a C program, ____ is a variable type for a single character.
a. | int | c. | char | b. | float | d. | string |
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50.
|
Every declaration and every function call in C must end with a ____.
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51.
|
In a C program, the function ____ is used to read the input of the user.
a. | printf | c. | scanf | b. | showf | d. | readf |
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52.
|
The code of C programs should be saved in a file ending in ____.
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53.
|
Before the actual compilation process can be started, you must prepare the
source code with a(n) ____ script.
a. | make | c. | compile | b. | install | d. | configure |
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54.
|
To run the configure script, you need to use the following command at the top of
the source directory: ____.
a. | ./make | c. | ./makefiles | b. | ./configure | d. | ./make install |
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55.
|
You use the tool ____ to compile multiple source files in the correct
order.
a. | configure | c. | make | b. | compile | d. | install |
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56.
|
Every Makefile consists of targets, ____, and commands for the targets.
a. | static libraries | c. | dynamic libraries | b. | shared libraries | d. | dependencies |
|
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57.
|
Physically, a ____ library is a file on the hard disk that is loaded into the
main memory when an application is started that requires the functionality of the library.
a. | static | c. | dynamic | b. | shared | d. | stand-alone |
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58.
|
The task of finding and loading the required libraries is performed by the
program ____.
a. | make | c. | ld | b. | configure | d. | gcc |
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59.
|
Filenames for shared library files end in ____.
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60.
|
Filenames for the header files of a shared library end in ____.
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61.
|
Some tar archives end in .bz. In this case, the archive is compressed with
____.
a. | bzip | c. | tarzip | b. | gzip | d. | winzip |
|
|
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62.
|
A tar archive compressed with bzip needs to be extracted with the options
____.
|
|
|
63.
|
One way to measure processor utilization is the ____.
a. | kernel version | c. | system load | b. | ROI | d. | kernel top |
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|
|
64.
|
The system load value can be displayed with various monitoring tools such as
____ or uptime.
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|
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65.
|
____ can be used to display the system load in the last 1, 5, and 15
minutes.
a. | uptime | c. | sysctl | b. | ls | d. | chkcfg |
|
|
|
66.
|
On multiprocessor systems, ____ can be used to display the utilization of each
installed processor.
a. | less | c. | cat | b. | more | d. | mpstat |
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|
|
67.
|
The space on the ____ partition is used to free parts of the physical memory by
copying temporarily unused memory pages.
a. | swap | c. | kernel | b. | listen | d. | core |
|
|
|
68.
|
You can view the utilization of the physical and the swap memory with the ____
program.
a. | sysctl | c. | chkcfg | b. | free | d. | ld |
|
|
|
69.
|
You can use the ____ command to find programs that use a lot of memory.
a. | ps | c. | iostat | b. | sysctl | d. | top |
|
|
|
70.
|
You can use the command ____ to display the activity of swap memory.
a. | ps | c. | vmstat | b. | chkconfig | d. | rcvm |
|
|
|
71.
|
You can use the command ____ to display the activity of the disk
subsystem.
|
|
|
72.
|
You can use the command ____ to determine the average time a program has to wait
for data from the disk.
a. | vmstat | c. | iostat | b. | top | d. | hdparm |
|
|
|
73.
|
The ____ program analyzes network connections to specific hosts.
a. | Traffic-vis | c. | DNS | b. | NFS | d. | Proxy |
|
|
|
74.
|
Preventing the X-Server from being started saves memory and CPU utilization. To
do so, you can switch to runlevel 3 manually by entering the following: ____.
a. | init 0 | c. | init 2 | b. | init 1 | d. | init 3 |
|
|
|
75.
|
To get an overview of the current service configuration, you can use the ____
command.
a. | top | c. | chkconfig | b. | vmstat | d. | iostat |
|
|
|
76.
|
____ removes the apache2 service from the init process.
a. | chkconfig apache2 off | c. | vmstat off apache2 | b. | top apache2 off | d. | iostat --off -s
apache2 |
|
|
|
77.
|
The command in the following example stops a running instance of apache2:
____.
a. | chkconfig apache2 stop | c. | vmstat apache2 off | b. | sysctl apache2 stop | d. | rcapache2 stop |
|
|
|
78.
|
Every swap partition has an entry in the file ____.
a. | /etc/swap | c. | /swap/partitions | b. | /etc/fstab | d. | /etc/sys/swap |
|
|
|
79.
|
You can use the tool ____ to tune some settings of IDE hard drives.
a. | hdparm | c. | vmstat | b. | top | d. | iostat |
|
|
|
80.
|
You can use the following command to check the current status of the DMA
configuration: ____.
a. | top -d /dev/hda | c. | vmstat --dma /dev/hda | b. | hdparm -d
/dev/hda | d. | iostat -d
/dev/hda |
|
|
|
81.
|
The ____ parameter basically determines when a system starts to swap out data to
the disk.
a. | I/O scheduler | c. | swappiness | b. | read-ahead | d. | write-late |
|
|
|
82.
|
In journaling, every file system transaction is logged in a special area of a
partition, called the ____.
a. | swap partition | c. | boot loader | b. | MBR | d. | journal |
|
|
|
83.
|
You can set kernel network parameters using the ____ command.
a. | top | c. | iostat | b. | sysctl | d. | hdparm |
|
|
|
84.
|
A(n) ____ is a software component associated with a device.
a. | interface | c. | module | b. | driver | d. | kernel
parameter |
|
|
|
85.
|
Interfaces are usually created by a ____.
a. | module | c. | driver | b. | parameter | d. | device |
|
|
|
86.
|
The ____ command lists all loaded kernel modules.
a. | modprobe | c. | libmod | b. | rmmod | d. | lsmod |
|
|
|
87.
|
The ____ command loads kernel modules.
a. | rmmod | c. | lsmod | b. | modprobe | d. | delmod |
|
|
|
88.
|
The ____ command removes loaded kernel modules.
a. | lsmod | c. | modprobe | b. | insmod | d. | rmmod |
|
|
|
89.
|
Modules are stored in several subdirectories with a filename extension of ____
for kernel object.
|
|
|
90.
|
____ represents all devices and interfaces of a Linux system.
a. | sysfs | c. | Kernel module | b. | modprobe | d. | An interface
device |
|
|
|
91.
|
The interfaces of the devices are represented under the directories /sys/class
and ____.
a. | /sys/bus | c. | /sys/block | b. | /sys/devices | d. | /sys/local |
|
|
|
92.
|
Besides the representation in sysfs, there are also the device files in the ____
directory.
a. | /etc | c. | /root | b. | /dev | d. | /usr |
|
|
|
93.
|
A hotplug event is basically a call of the script ____.
a. | /sbin/hotplug | c. | /dev/sbin/hotplug | b. | /dev/hotplug | d. | /sbin/dev/hotplug |
|
|
|
94.
|
The hotplug agents are located in the directory ____.
a. | /dev/hotplug/ | c. | /etc/hotplug/ | b. | /sbin/hotplug/ | d. | /sys/hotplug/ |
|
|
|
95.
|
The file ____ contains a list of driver modules that should never be loaded by
hotplug.
a. | /dev/hotplug/blacklist | c. | /hotplug/blacklist | b. | /sbin/hotplug/blacklist | d. | /etc/hotplug/blacklist |
|
|
|
96.
|
hwup reads the device configurations from files in the directory ____.
a. | /dev/sysconfig/hardware/ | c. | /etc/sysconfig/hardware/ | b. | /sbin/sysconfig/hardware/ | d. | /usr/sysconfig/hardware/ |
|
|
|
97.
|
“____” represents the beginning of every PCI network adapter device
configuration filename.
a. | bus | c. | pci | b. | hwcfg | d. | PCI bus address |
|
|
|
98.
|
The ____ part of a PCI network adapter configuration filename determines that
the device is identified by the bus to which it is connected.
a. | pci | c. | address | b. | hwcfg | d. | bus |
|
|
|
99.
|
The ____ part of a PCI network adapter configuration filename indicates that the
device is connected to the PCI bus.
a. | pci | c. | address | b. | hwcfg | d. | bus |
|
|
|
100.
|
You can display the PCI address of a device with the ____ command.
a. | modprobe | c. | lsmod | b. | lspci | d. | insmod |
|
|
|
101.
|
The device configuration file variable ____ determines when and how a device
will be started.
a. | MODULE | c. | SCRIPT | b. | MODULE_OPTIONS | d. | STARTMODE |
|
|
|
102.
|
The STARTMODE value of ____ indicates that the device should not be
started automatically, but it can be started manually.
|
|
|
103.
|
The device configuration file variable ____ determines the name of the kernel
module that should be loaded for the device.
a. | MODULE | c. | SCRIPT | b. | MODULE_OPTIONS | d. | STARTMODE |
|
|
|
104.
|
With the device configuration file variable ____, options can be passed to the
kernel module.
a. | MODULE | c. | SCRIPT | b. | MODULE_OPTIONS | d. | STARTMODE |
|
Completion
Complete each
statement.
|
|
|
105.
|
A(n) ____________________ is basically an ASCII text file containing commands to
be executed in sequence.
|
|
|
106.
|
The ____________________ command takes a variable as an argument and stores the
read input in the variable.
|
|
|
107.
|
The term ____________________ basically means that the output of a
command is used in a shell command line or a shell script.
|
|
|
108.
|
Use the ____________________ command to exit from the current iteration of a
loop (while, until, for, and select) and resume with the next iteration of the loop.
|
|
|
109.
|
With the shell built-in command ____________________, you can extract the
options supplied to a script on the command line.
|
|
|
110.
|
Compiler programs need to be converted into a binary format that can be directly
executed by the CPU. This conversion is done by a special program called the
____________________.
|
|
|
111.
|
The line #include <stdio.h> is an example of a(n)
_________________________.
|
|
|
112.
|
In a C program, files that contain function declarations are called
____________________.
|
|
|
113.
|
The standard C compiler in Linux is the ____________________.
|
|
|
114.
|
Make is controlled by ____________________.
|
|
|
115.
|
Memory is controlled by the ____________________ system of the Linux
kernel.
|
|
|
116.
|
____________________ memory is memory that is actually installed in the system
in the form of memory bars or chips.
|
|
|
117.
|
The iostat command is not part of the SLES 9 default installation. You need to
install the package ____________________ to use it.
|
|
|
118.
|
With ______________________________, data from a disk can be written directly to
the main memory of a system without CPU utilization.
|
|
|
119.
|
The Linux kernel contains a component called the ____________________. This
scheduler collects requests from the processes and hands them over to the hardware driver that is
responsible or the drive.
|
|
|
120.
|
A(n) ____________________ is a real, physical piece of hardware.
|
|
|
121.
|
In Linux, a(n) ____________________ is usually a software module that can be
loaded into the Linux kernel.
|
|
|
122.
|
Kernel modules are files that are stored in the directory
______________________________.
|
|
|
123.
|
____________________ is a virtual file system that is mounted under /sys.
|
|
|
124.
|
The command ____________________ is used by the hotplug agent to start
preconfigured devices.
|
Matching
|
|
|
Match each item with a statement below. a. | Shell programming
language | f. | break command | b. | Shell script | g. | grep searchpattern filename
... | c. | date + %m-%d | h. | test command | d. | case statement | i. | tr command | e. | while
loop |
|
|
|
125.
|
prints lines that contain the given search pattern.
|
|
|
126.
|
powerful and complete programing language.
|
|
|
127.
|
translates (replaces) or deletes characters.
|
|
|
128.
|
file that includes several shell commands.
|
|
|
129.
|
terminated when the exit status becomes nonzero.
|
|
|
130.
|
returns the current date in the form month-day.
|
|
|
131.
|
compares values and checks for files and their properties.
|
|
|
132.
|
a way to introduce a new condition within a loop.
|
|
|
133.
|
the expression contained in a variable is compared with a number of
expressions, and a command is executed for each expression matched.
|
|
|
Match each item with a statement below. a. | C++ language | f. | tar xzf
xpenguins-2.2.tar.gz | b. | printf(“Please enter your name:
”); | g. | cd
xpenguins-2.2/ | c. | ./configure --help | h. | char name[80]; | d. | Colon | i. | return(0); inside a
function | e. | # |
|
|
|
134.
|
a successor of C.
|
|
|
135.
|
extracts the content of the specified tar archive.
|
|
|
136.
|
declares a variable name. The type of the variable is char.
|
|
|
137.
|
separates targets and dependencies in a makefile.
|
|
|
138.
|
prints out the message Please enter your name:.
|
|
|
139.
|
introduces comments in a makefile.
|
|
|
140.
|
returns 0 as the value of the function.
|
|
|
141.
|
changes the current directory to xpenguins-2-2/
|
|
|
142.
|
list all available configure options.
|
|
|
Match each item with a statement below. a. | I/O process | f. | iostat | b. | top | g. | ip command | c. | KDE System
Guard | h. | chkconfig apache2
3 | d. | free | i. | hdparm
-i /dev/hda | e. | vmstat |
|
|
|
143.
|
displays a sorted list of applications and the three values for the average
load values in the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
|
|
|
144.
|
displays how long I/O requests from applications take.
|
|
|
145.
|
displays the current utilization of the physical and swap memory.
|
|
|
146.
|
displays the settings of the device hda.
|
|
|
147.
|
can be user input or data that is read from or written to the hard
disk.
|
|
|
148.
|
re-enables the service apache2 in runlevel 3.
|
|
|
149.
|
displays a graphical representation of the system load.
|
|
|
150.
|
displays the status of an interface as well as transmission errors.
|
|
|
151.
|
monitors the activity of swap memory and can also be used to display other
system parameters.
|
|
|
Match each item with a statement below. a. | driver | f. | hwdown
bus-pci-0000:02:08.0 | b. | sysfs | g. | The STARTMODE value of auto | c. | /sys/bus and
/sys/devices directories | h. | SCRIPT{UP,DOWN}_[type] | d. | file system links | i. | SCRIPT{UP,DOWN} | e. | hwup
bus-pci-0000:02:08.0 |
|
|
|
152.
|
contain different representations of system hardware.
|
|
|
153.
|
the glue between a device and its interfaces.
|
|
|
154.
|
specifies the script to be called for initialization and deconfiguration of a
specific device type.
|
|
|
155.
|
deconfigures the specified network card.
|
|
|
156.
|
starts the specified network card.
|
|
|
157.
|
specifies the script to be called for initialization and deconfiguration of the
device.
|
|
|
158.
|
indicates that the device is automatically started at boot time or by hotplug
when the device is connected to the system.
|
|
|
159.
|
introduced with kernel version 2.6.
|
|
|
160.
|
connect an interface with a device.
|
Short Answer
|
|
|
161.
|
Mention some of the reasons why you need to understand and create shell
scripts.
|
|
|
162.
|
What are the benefits of illustrating a program through a flow chart?
|
|
|
163.
|
Use an example to explain how to use command substitution.
|
|
|
164.
|
Write various examples of how to use variable substitution operators.
|
|
|
165.
|
Describe the basic usage of the if command and the optional else
statement.
|
|
|
166.
|
Provide an example of how a multiple branch (case) works.
|
|
|
167.
|
How can you create loops using the while and until commands?
|
|
|
168.
|
Use an example to explain how to use the command getopts.
|
|
|
169.
|
Explain how to modify the output format used by date.
|
|
|
170.
|
Describe some of the most important command-line options for sed.
|
|
|
171.
|
What are the advantages and disadvantages of script and compiler
languages?
|
|
|
172.
|
Describe the parts of a C program function head.
|
|
|
173.
|
How can you compile a simple C program?
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174.
|
Mention various reasons why you must prepare the source code with a configure
script before the actual compilation process can be started.
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175.
|
Use an example to explain the tasks performed by a makefile.
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176.
|
How can you install a compiled program using make install?
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177.
|
Explain how to install the required packages for a build environment.
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|
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178.
|
Explain the concept of shared libraries.
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|
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179.
|
What are the parts of a shared library?
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|
|
180.
|
Describe the steps to compile and install the xpenguins program from its source
archive.
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|
|
181.
|
Describe some of the questions that can help you to find performance
bottlenecks.
|
|
|
182.
|
Describe the output produced by the free command.
|
|
|
183.
|
Describe the output produced by the iostat command.
|
|
|
184.
|
How can you analyze CPU intensive applications?
|
|
|
185.
|
Explain how to run a server system without X.
|
|
|
186.
|
Why should you keep your software up to date?
|
|
|
187.
|
What aspects should you consider before upgrading the CPU?
|
|
|
188.
|
What aspects should you consider when upgrading memory?
|
|
|
189.
|
Describe some of the most important options for the hdparm command.
|
|
|
190.
|
How can you change the read-ahead parameter?
|
|
|
191.
|
What are the two basic kinds of device drivers?
|
|
|
192.
|
Describe how to load a kernel module with modprobe.
|
|
|
193.
|
Describe how device drivers are loaded in SLES 9.
|
|
|
194.
|
How is system hardware represented in directories /sys/bus and
/sys/devices?
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|
|
195.
|
How can hotplug events be created?
|
|
|
196.
|
What are the two types of hotplug agents?
|
|
|
197.
|
What is the hotplug process for attaching a USB camera?
|
|
|
198.
|
What are the steps to add a new drive to the system?
|
|
|
199.
|
What are the steps to replace a graphics card?
|
|
|
200.
|
What are the steps to add a new network adapter?
|